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Description
LED AR70 GU10 Spot 6W – Zwart – Dim-to-Warm 2000K–3000K – 45° – MDRLED®LED AR70 GU10 Spot 6W Zwart Dim to Warm (2000K3000K) MDRLED Stijlvolle AR70 LED spot met Dim to Warm voor perfecte sfeer De MDRLED LED AR70 GU10 6W zwart is een hoogwaardige spot met een luxe uitstraling en moderne lichttechniek. Dankzij de Dim to Warm functie (2000K3000K) verandert het licht tijdens het dimmen van helder warm wit naar extra warm sfeerlicht. Ideaal voor woonruimtes, horeca, hotels, showrooms en kantoren waar flexibiliteit en sfeer
LED AR70 GU10 Spot 6W – Zwart – Dim-to-Warm (2000K–3000K) – MDRLED®
Stijlvolle AR70 LED-spot met Dim-to-Warm voor perfecte sfeer
De MDRLED® LED AR70 GU10 6W zwart is een hoogwaardige spot met een luxe uitstraling en moderne lichttechniek. Dankzij de Dim-to-Warm functie (2000K–3000K) verandert het licht tijdens het dimmen van helder warm wit naar extra warm sfeerlicht. Ideaal voor woonruimtes, horeca, hotels, showrooms en kantoren waar flexibiliteit en sfeer centraal staan.
Met een hoge efficiëntie van 90 lm/W, een lichtopbrengst van 540 lumen en een brede 45° lichtbundel zorgt deze AR70 voor een krachtige maar comfortabele lichtverdeling.
Dim-to-Warm: van functioneel naar sfeervol in één twist
De Dim-to-Warm technologie maakt deze LED-spot extra veelzijdig:
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3000K → helder warm wit (perfect voor werk- en leefruimtes)
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2000K → warm, amberkleurig sfeerlicht (ideaal voor avond, horeca, ontspanning)
Hiermee creëert u altijd de juiste ambiance — van praktische verlichting tot een zachte, gezellige gloed.
Strakke zwarte afwerking voor moderne interieurs
Het tijdloze zwart past perfect bij hedendaagse interieurstijlen, zoals industrieel, modern en luxe minimalistisch. Het compacte AR70-formaat maakt deze spot geschikt voor vele armaturen en inbouwoplossingen met GU10 fitting.
Perfect voor:
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Woonkamers en keukens
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Bars, cafés, restaurants
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Hotels en lobby’s
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Showrooms en boutiques
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Accent- en sfeerverlichting
Technische specificaties
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Vermogen: 6 Watt
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Efficiëntie: 90 lm/W
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Lichtopbrengst: 540 lumen
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Lichtkleur: 2000K–3000K (Dim-to-Warm)
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Bundel: 45°
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CRI: >80Ra (natuurlijke kleuren)
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R9: 9
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UGR: <24
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Fitting: GU10
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IP-waarde: IP22 (voor binnengebruik)
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Power factor: >0.95
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Frequentie: 50/60 Hz
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Afmetingen: Ø70 × 70 mm
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Materiaal: Kunststof
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Kleur: Zwart
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Levensduur: 30.000 uur
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Garantie: 2 jaar
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Voltage: 220–240V AC
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Dimbaar: Ja
Voordelen van de LED AR70 GU10 6W – MDRLED®
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Dim-to-Warm: verandert van 3000K naar 2000K
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Luxe zwarte afwerking
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45° lichtbundel voor gericht accentlicht
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Hoge efficiëntie: 90 lumen per watt
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Dimbaar met de meeste LED-dimmers
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Lange levensduur van 30.000 uur
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Energiezuinig alternatief voor halogeen AR70
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Ideaal voor woon- en commerciële toepassingen
Samenvatting
De MDRLED® LED AR70 GU10 6W zwart combineert stijl, sfeer en efficiëntie in één compact ontwerp. Met Dim-to-Warm technologie, een krachtige lichtopbrengst en modern zwart design is deze spot perfect voor iedereen die hoogwaardige, sfeervolle verlichting zoekt.
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4.5 ★★★★★
Based on 2073 reviews
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Product Reviews
★★★★★ 5
Great read!
Format: Kindle
In addition to being an engaging lecturer, Stoermer writes beautifully! “Again and again, people confronted the distance between the compact as advertised and authority as exercised.” Gorgeous prose and achingly painful history.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 3, 2026
★★★★★ 3
No Index or footnotes
Format: Paperback
I have been following Prof Stoermer’s videos preceding this book and pre-ordered it on that basis. I to read it but am a bit disappointed and disturbed that there is nothing by way of an index or footnotes, and no reference I can find that they are available elsewhere. My 3 therefore, has nothing to do with the substance and will update this review after I read it. But I don’t understand the absence of such material.
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Reviewed in the United States on June 4, 2026
★★★★★ 5
Every american should be encouraged to read this text
Format: Kindle
This book had a profound impact on me. It has changed how I view all political discussions, history discussions, policy discussions, and race discussions. As a Hispanic Caucasian, I was acutely unaware of much of America's racist history. I knew the obvious examples, but this book really shows how extensive the racism is and its profound effects that are still heavily in effect today.
Kendi's thesis is short and simple: racist ideas were created to justify racist policies. This is counter to the common argument that ignorance and racism spurs racist policies. Kendi lays out his main thesis at the beginning of the book and follows it up with example after example to back it up. Keeping the thesis and definition of racism simple really helps emphasize Kendi's point throughout the book.
This book is also thorough; so much history is covered by this book. I spent a lot of time looking up some historical events or figures in more detail on Wikipedia to get a fuller picture. If you are unfamiliar with American history, then expect to move very slowly through the text as you look everything up for proper context.
I absolutely love this book and strongly encourage everyone to read it. However, I do have a few gripes with it:
- Kendi often misled me with his wording or juxtaposition of statements. I understand he is trying to make a statement, but I wish he wouldn't do this. One example that comes to mind is Roosevelt's naming of the White House. Kendi makes it seem like Roosevelt named it the White House after the public uproar over his invitation of Booker T. Washington over for dinner. However, there doesn't appear to be any evidence to support this, and there is some indication the White House was already referred to by that name well before the dinner. To Kendi's credit, he doesn't explicitly say the naming was done to appease the public, he just points out that it happened and people were still upset. Another example is his mention of black unemployment rates rising sharply in the early 1980s. This is true, but all unemployment rates rose during that time due to the recession. Yes, the black unemployment rate was worse, but he doesn't make that point: he only mentions the black unemployment rates. So as a reader you have to be careful of the facts you internalize from the book.
- The organization of the book didn't really do anything for me. He tries to break down the text into 4 main sections, each focusing on a different historical figure. However, the focus on the figures didn't really contribute much, in my opinion, to his thesis. It brought some organization to his book, but not much. I would have preferred he spent more of the book going into details of some of the more significant policies or events than to keep looping the historical figure back in.
- Text can read a bit haphazardly at times. There are certain sections of the book where I feel Kendi is jumping around history pretty quickly to different events and it becomes difficult for me to follow. Eventually he gets around to making a point, but it usually takes too long for me to fully grasp it at the moment. I have to often re-read these sections a second time to really get it.
Again, please buy this book and read it. We would all be better off to know this history and the racist policies behind it.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 4, 2018
★★★★★ 5
A very painful but highly illuminating must-read on how racism took root and persists in the US
Format: Kindle
About halfway through reading this book, I realized I was highlighting almost every single page and had to start color-coding my highlights so as to make a little more sense of why certain passages struck me—a visual testimony of how illuminating Stamped from the Beginning is. With a primary focus on racism toward African-Americans and people identified as Black, this book is a thoroughly researched, sweepingly comprehensive survey of racism from its first traceable roots in ancient Greece when Aristotle said Africans had “burnt faces” to the start of the African slave trade in 15th century Europe, to the first recorded slave ship arriving in colonial America in 1619, all the way through the Civil War, the Jim Crow laws, the 1960s Civil Rights movement, and up to the present day. In order to help readers navigate this extensive timeline, author Ibram X. Kendi divides the book into five parts, featuring one historical figure as a sort of tour guide or anchor for each part.
Very few individuals or institutions mentioned in this book come off as completely free of racist thinking; even many abolitionists and civil rights activists are revealed to have held racist ideas that contradicted their cause. This made me realize the extent to which racism has ensnared the United States in its pernicious roots. In Stamped from the Beginning, Kendi presents two main ideas about racism that helped me understand its influence and progress over the centuries. First, he explains that “Hate and ignorance have not driven the history of racist ideas in America. Racist policies have driven the history of racist ideas in America.” The author admits, “I was taught the popular folktale of racism: that ignorant and hateful people had produced racist ideas, and that these racist people had instituted racist policies. But when I learned the motives behind the production of many of America’s most influentially racist ideas, it became quite obvious that this folktale, though sensible, was not based on a firm footing of historical evidence.” As Kendi explains further, “Racially discriminatory policies have usually sprung from economic, political, and cultural self-interests, self-interests that are constantly changing.” Now that I understand self-interest—not hate or ignorance—has been the driving factor behind racist policies, I can better understand why racism hasn’t died out with the Emancipation Proclamation or desegregation or any of the Civil Rights Acts passed in this country. Tragically, racism persists and continues to evolve according to the current self-interests of people and institutions in power. It’s why, after slavery was abolished, segregation and the Jim Crow laws rushed in to replace it, and long after segregation has been outlawed, African-Americans continue to be oppressed by disproportionate mass incarceration as well as disadvantaged by fewer, inferior housing and employment opportunities.
Second, Kendi points out that racism is not simply a debate between those who support racist ideas and those who oppose racist ideas. Throughout history, three–not two–viewpoints on racism have persisted: “A group we can call segregationists has blamed Black people themselves for the racial disparities. A group we can call antiracists has pointed to racial discrimination. A group we can call assimilationists has tried to argue for both, saying that Black people and racial discrimination were to blame for racial disparities.” As much as I would like to believe I am firmly in the antiracist camp, reading this book made me realize I have held a lot of racist ideas from an assimilationist viewpoint that I need to correct. Kendi gives many examples of well-meaning civil rights activists, including some African-Americans, who upheld assimilationist ideas. Some persisted with these ideas their entire lives, others realized their error and later self-corrected to an antiracist viewpoint, and still others upheld both antiracist and assimilationist ideas, often not realizing the contradiction. Thus, a tragic pattern that has repeated itself throughout American history is the persistence of many assimilationists in seeking to abolish racist policies and ideas with the same flawed strategies that never work.
Indeed, the African-American author admits, “Even though I am an African studies historian and have been tutored all my life in egalitarian spaces, I held racist notions of Black inferiority before researching and writing this book.” I think it’s crucially important that Kendi tells readers about his mistaken notions of race—not to make readers feel better about their own ignorance, but to demonstrate how deeply racist ideas have taken root in American culture. Hopefully this admission on the author’s part will ease readers out of their defensive mode and open their minds to the disturbing truth that racism is a lot more pervasive among us Americans than we would like to believe.
If you want to understand exactly how racism took root in the United States and why it has persisted through the present day, if you are prepared for a very sobering, very painful, and often highly disturbing look at the many flaws, hypocrisies, and atrocities in the American notions of democracy, exceptionalism, and “liberty and justice for all,” then Stamped from the Beginning is a must-read. Ultimately, what the author conveys with copious examples is that “Black Americans’ history of oppression has made Black opportunities—not Black people—inferior.” An absolutely necessary emendation to the traditionally accepted canon of American history.
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Reviewed in the United States on April 26, 2017
★★★★★ 5
Painful but excellent exploration of racist ideas in American history
Format: Kindle
Professor Kendi's fine study, which deservedly won a National Book Award, illuminates in a new way the history of racism in the US. Focusing on ideas rather than government policy, he documents the tenacity of an outlook that has stained the 400 year history of the American people. He begins with a simple, and I think unimpeachable, definition of racism: any argument or idea that attributes to an entire ethnic group intellectual or moral superiority or inferiority. Racists invariably explain these differences between ethnic groups as a product of biology, in an effort to shelter behind a scientific patina ideas that cannot survive rigorous scientific investigation.
He organizes the book around five American thinkers, Cotton Mather, Thomas Jefferson, Frederick Douglass, W.E.B. Dubois, and Angela Davis. In each section, he also discusses the ideas of contemporaries of these individuals, dividing people into one of three groups: segregationists (racists who blamed blacks for their own plight); assimilationists (whites and even some blacks who attributed inequality partially to environment but still accepted the racist idea that all blacks shared some responsibility for discrimination); antiracists, who rejected the notion that any type of inferiority could be associated with all African Americans.
Kendi has written an angry book, as would any author sensitive to the devastating impact of America's original sin. He shows how racist ideas, like the villain in contemporary horror movies, never suffer a final defeat. As soon as one explanation for alleged racial differences falls out of favor, a different one emerges from the (so far) undrainable swamp of prejudice to take its place. This resiliency demonstrates that racism does not stem from ignorance, but reflects the self-interest of those who benefit from the privileges conferred by supression of ethnic equality.
The author's anger does not target any specific group. Few of his subjects (including himself) escape unscathed from his sharp analysis. Probably the most surprising revelation of this book is the extent to which even fierce defenders of black equality sometimes accepted some of the insidious ideas of racism and blamed African Americans for the discrimination they experienced. Thus the real target of Professor Kendi's anger is racism itself, the pervasiveness of which does not exempt even black Americans from its influence.
Even this fine work of scholarship is not, in my opinion, free of flaws. In his evaluation of historical figures, he seems to judge them by their conformity to our values and standards. To judge Abraham Lincoln and Frederick Douglass for their failure to measure up to this generation's views of racism may accurately pinpoint some of the shortcomings especially in Lincoln's attitudes. But to criticize a 19th century president, caught in the impossible pressures of a savage civil war for having mixed motives in his emancipation policy displays a willful refusal to evaluate his behavior according to the context of the times in which he lived. (Absurd comments to the effect that Lincoln was "scared to death" when Lee threatened Washington during his invasion of the north in 1862 reveal more about Kendi than they do about the president.)
But even if I have correctly identified flaws in the book, this is an important and exceptionally fine work of scholarship, which anyone concerned about the future of race relations in the US should read.
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Reviewed in the United States on August 8, 2017